Thermal Burns: The Management of Minor Burns

Thermal Burns: The Management of Minor Burns

The current ATLS guidelines recommend that all deep-partial and full-thickness burns larger than 20% total body surface area (TBSA) are considered major burns that require resuscitation, while some other sources suggest a lower cut off of 15%. The American Burn...
Thermal Burns: Initial Assessment and Management

Thermal Burns: Initial Assessment and Management

The initial assessment of the patient with thermal injuries involves the following steps. There are multiple priorities in a burned patient, and in reality, these are usually managed in parallel or a horizontal manner by a fully trained resuscitation team: Stop the...
Thermal Burns: Background and Pathophysiology

Thermal Burns: Background and Pathophysiology

Thermal burns are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, but following the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) basic principles of initial trauma resuscitation and initiating simple emergency measures can significantly minimise their effect. It is estimated...
Compartments and Fluid Spaces in Health

Compartments and Fluid Spaces in Health

The amount of water in the body varies with a patient’s age, weight, and sex. Total body water (TBW) accounts for around 60% of an adult male’s total body weight; a normally hydrated 75 kg man will consist of approximately 45 L of water. There are two major fluid...
Dr. Joseph Bell: The Real Life Sherlock Holmes

Dr. Joseph Bell: The Real Life Sherlock Holmes

I have been fascinated with the detective Sherlock Holmes since childhood. His almost supernatural powers of observation and deduction in stories such as ‘The Sign of the Four’, ‘The Speckled Band’, and ‘A Study in Scarlet’ captivated me and I have re-read them many...
Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism is a clinical syndrome that results from an excess of circulating thyroid hormones. It is more common in women, and the incidence increases with age. In Europe, it affects approximately 1 in 2,000 people annually.   Aetiology Hyperthyroidism can...