A 22-Year-Old Man with a Nasal Injury
A 22-year-old man has been struck on the bridge of the nose during an altercation outside a nightclub last night. He had a brief episode of epistaxis at the time, which stopped after pressure was applied to the nose. He is complaining of a painful, deformed nose and...
A 53-Year-Old Woman with Hypertension and Hypokalaemia
A 53-year-old woman has been visiting her GP with symptoms of tiredness, muscle weakness and headaches. She is known to be hypertensive and takes amlodipine to control this. Her blood results today show that her potassium level is low at 3.0 mmol/L, and her sodium...
A 40-Year-Old Woman with Intermittent Hypertension and Sweating
A 40-year-old woman presents with intermittent episodes of severe sweating, palpitations and an associated feeling of panic and anxiety. She measured her blood pressure at home during one of these episodes and found it to be 196/118 mmHg. You measure it today and find...
A 34-Year-Old Man with Hyperkalaemia
A patient with a history of renal problems generalised weakness, palpitations and chest pain. His serum potassium levels are measured and come back at 8.2 mmol/L. An ECG is performed, and it shows some very alarming changes. 1. What is the definition of hyperkalaemia?...
